BBC新闻讲解附字幕:海地北部爆发霍乱疫情

BBC News with Julie Candler

The African Union has called on the United Nations Security Council to give backing to an air and naval blockade of Somalia. The AU's commissioner for peace and security, Ramtane Lamamra, told the Security Council such action would prevent arms transportation and the movement of militants. From the UN headquarters in New York, Barbara Plett reports.

The AU envoy called on the council to authorize a much larger African peacekeeping force in Somalia, up to 20,000 troops and nearly 2,000 police. Crucially, he urged the UN to make sure they have enough money and resources. Fewer than 8,000 soldiers have been deployed so far, and they are badly paid and equipped. Mr Lamamra also asked the council to impose a naval blockade and no-fly zone over Somalia to prevent the entry of foreign fighters and weapons for armed groups. The current president of the Security Council, Ugandan ambassador Ruhakana Rugunda, said the requests were legitimate but would need to be studied further.

Peace activists in Israel say Jewish settlers are building new homes in the occupied West Bank at four times the rate they were before the government began its partial freeze at the end of last year. Peace Now group said work had begun on between 600 and 700 new housing units over the past month. A Palestinian spokesman said the new figures were alarming and showed Israel wasn't serious about the peace process, but the Israeli government spokesman Mark Regev said the building should not affect the final outcome of the talks.

"Israel wants to proceed to move forward in the peace process, and all the difficult issues, all the core issues of the conflict are on the table, including the sensitive issue of settlements. In the interim, the limited construction underway will in no way impact upon the final contours of a peace agreement."

A Belgian skydiver, Els Clottemans, has been sentenced to 30 years in prison for murdering her love rival by sabotaging her parachute. The victim was sent plummeting to her death as both women took part in a jump with their instructor, with whom each was romantically involved. Belgian prosecutors showed how Clottemans had cut the cords to the main and reserve chute of her rival.

The head of the BBC World Service Peter Horrocks says some of its language services will have to close as a result of budget cuts and funding changes, but he couldn't yet say how many or which ones. Mr Horrocks said the World Service would have to save 25% of its current costs over four years and suggested a number of areas that could be considered for efficiency savings.

"Those choices will involve, among a number of examples, cutting further programmes from the English schedule, reducing our distribution costs significantly, cutting parts of some services entirely, for instance, losing both the programming and distribution costs where short-wave audiences have become too small. And we also intend to close some language services."

World News from the BBC

The European Court of Human Rights says Russia acted illegally in allowing the Moscow city authorities to ban gay pride marches in the capital. It said the city had violated the right of assembly and discriminated against the organisers because of their sexuality. The gay activist Nikolai Alexeyev who'd brought the case said the ruling had important implications for other groups in Russia.

"Today, a really crushing defeat was dealt to the prohibitive policies of the Moscow authorities over the last five years. It's a total defeat, and now the new Moscow authorities should admit that something has to be changed in their attitude towards sexual minorities."

Health officials in Haiti say an outbreak of diarrhoea has killed about 50 people in the north of the country. Local hospitals have been overwhelmed by hundreds more suffering high fever, vomiting and acute diarrhoea. Doctors are testing people for cholera.

A prominent Cuban dissident given a human rights award by the European Parliament says the honour could make his campaign for greater political freedom more difficult. Guillermo Farinas told the BBC that the Cuban government usually increased attacks on dissidents as they'd become more well-known, but he dedicated his award to the struggle of the Cuban people.

"I accept this prize not for me but for the Cuban people, for the prisoners who are in jail, for the opposition in the streets, for the exiled who feel nostalgia for their homeland that they have had to leave. This prize is for all the democratic men and women all over the world who with their denunciations and solidarity have forced the Cuban government to ease off and take our brothers out of prisons."

An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.9 has struck off the coast of the Baja California peninsula, in northwestern Mexico. There were no immediate reports of damage or injuries.

BBC News

非洲联盟呼吁联合国安理会支持对索马里实行航空和海上封锁。非洲联盟和平与安全专员拉姆塔内·拉马姆拉(Ramtane Lamamra)告诉安理会，这种行动可以防止武器运输和好战分子的行动。联合国纽约总部，Barbara Plett报道。

非洲联盟特使呼吁安理会授权更大规模的非洲驻索马里维和任务，大约要求20,000军队和接近2,000名警察。其中的关键是，他敦促联合国确保他们拥有足够的资金和资源。目前为止在索马里部署的士兵不足8,000人，薪资和装备都非常差。拉马姆拉还要求安理会对索马里实施海上封锁，并设立禁飞区域，防止外国战士和武装分子的武器进入。现任安理会主席，乌干达大使鲁贡达·鲁哈卡纳(Ruhakana Rugunda)表示，这些要求是合法的，但是需要进一步研究。

以色列和平积极分子表示，犹太定居者正在被占领的西岸建筑更多房屋，其速度是政府在去年年底实施部分冻结之前的四倍。“今日和平”(Peace Now)组织表示，过去的一个月，600至700套房屋的建筑工作已经开始。巴勒斯坦一名发言人表示，新的数字非常令人担忧，这表明以色列并没有认真对待和平进程。但是以色列政府发言人Mark Regev则表示，定居点的建设不会影和平对话的最终结果。

“以色列希望和平进程能够取得进展，所有艰难的问题，冲突的所有核心问题都已经开始讨论，包括定居点的敏感问题。在过渡期，目前正在进行的有限的定居点建设不会对最终的和平协议产生任何影响。”

比利时跳伞运动员Els Clottemans通过破坏降落伞谋杀了情敌，被判处30年的监禁。两名女子在她们的教练的指导下进行跳伞运动时，受害者垂直落下死亡。两人都爱上了她们的教练。比利时检控官为大家讲述了Clottemans怎样剪断了她的情敌主要和备用降落伞的绳索。

BBC世界服务负责人彼得·赫鲁克斯(Peter Horrocks)表示，由于预算削减和筹款变革，BBC将关闭一些语言服务，但是他目前还不能确定要关闭多少，关闭哪些。Horrocks表示，世界服务必须在四年之内减少25%的费用，目前正在考虑削减一些领域来实现成本高效。

“这些选择包括，例如，进一步减少英语服务节目，大幅减少我们的成本分配，完全取消某些服务，例如，将短波听众比较少的节目和费用完全取消。我们还将关闭某些语言服务。”

BBC世界新闻。

欧洲人权法庭表示，俄罗斯允许莫斯科城禁止同性恋在首都进行游行是非法的。法庭表示，该城市违反了集会自由的权利，因为他们的性取向而歧视组织者。递交该案件的同性恋活动积极分子Nikolai Alexeyev表示，该判决对俄罗斯其他组织具有非常重要的暗示意义。

“今天，莫斯科当局过去五年禁止性的政策遭遇了真正的挫败。这是彻底的失败，现在，新的莫斯科当局应该承认，在对待同性恋少数人群的态度方面必须进行改变。”

海地卫生官员表示，北部地区的腹泻爆发已经造成大约50人死亡。当地医院已经挤满了高烧，呕吐和严重腹泻的病人。医生正在对他们进行霍乱检查。

获得欧洲议会人权奖励的古巴一名卓越的政见不同者表示，该荣誉将会使他要求更高的政治自由的运动更加困难。Guillermo Farinas告诉BBC，由于他们更加出名，古巴政府增加了对他们的袭击。但是他表示，他一定会珍惜给荣誉，继续为古巴人民而战。

“我不是代表我自己，而是代表古巴人民，代表监狱中的囚犯，代表街头的反对者，代表不得不离开的思乡的流亡者。这个奖项将给予世界上所有民主的男女。他们的谴责和团结逼迫古巴政府释放了我们的兄弟。”

墨西哥西北部下加利福尼亚州发生6.9级地震。目前还没有伤亡报告。

1.authorize vt.授权, 批准; 委托

例句：The government authorized an irrigation project.

政府批准了一项灌溉工程。

We are authorized to receive contributions for the Red Cross.

我们受托接受给红十字会的捐助。

2.legitimate adj.合情合理的; 合法的

例句：Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.

生病是请假的一个正当的理由。

3.partial adj.部分的, 不完全的

例句：I could give it only partial support.

我只能给它部分的支持。

4.interim adj.暂时的, 临时的

例句：They submitted an interim report.

他们递交了一份临时报告。

n.间歇, 过渡期间

例句：Little seems to have happened in the interim.

在这期间似乎没发生什么事情。

5.plummet vi.垂直落下, 骤然跌落, 暴跌,速降

例句：A plane plummeted to earth.

一架飞机一头栽向地面。

6.implication n.含义, 暗示, 暗指

例句：What are the implications of this statement?

这一声明的含义是什么?

7.overwhelm vt.覆盖, 淹没

例句：A great wave overwhelmed the boat.

一个巨浪吞没了那只小船。

压倒, 制服; 打败

例句：Invading armies overwhelmed the town.

入侵的军队控制了这个城镇。

8.nostalgia n.对往事的怀恋, 怀旧

例句：Many people look back with nostalgia to feudal times.

许多人留恋不舍地回顾封建时代。

1.The AU envoy called on the council to authorize a much larger African peacekeeping force in Somalia, up to 20,000 troops and nearly 2,000 police.

much larger,much修饰比较级

much修饰比较级

一、much修饰比较级

修饰比较是副词much的常见用法，“much 比较级”的意思是“更……”“……得多”。如：

It’s much colder today than it was yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。

It was much worse than I thought. 它比我想像的还要糟得多。

We will be a much better football team next year. 明年我们将会成为一支更好的足球队。

二、much修饰最高级

much修饰最高级应置于最高级前的定冠词之前，而不是之后。“much the 最高级”的意思是“最最……”“绝对是最……”。如：

This is much the most difficult. 这是最最难的。

That’s much the best plan. 那绝对是最好的计划。

Of the three boys Nick is much the cleverest. 这三个男孩中，尼克最最聪明。

三、much修饰形容词的原级

much修饰形容词原级的情形主要见于那些由过去分词转化来的形容词。如：

I was much annoyed. 我很不高兴。

She wasn’t much surprised. 她并不太惊讶。

注：有个别非分词转化来的形容词有时也可用much修饰，但这种用法很有限，通常只见于good, different等少数几个形容词。如：

I don’t think this battery is much good. 我并不认为这种电池非常好。

The new school isn’t much different from the old one. 新学校与老学校区别不太大。

四、much修饰副词too

much too 为习语，其中的much修饰副词too；much too可视为too的加强说法，其语气比单独用too更强。如：

He spoke much too fast. 他说话说得太快了。

This is much too heavy for you to lift. 这东西太重，你拿不起来。

注意：much too与too much词序不同，用法也不同。从句法功能上看，much too的用法与too相同，但比too的语气更强；而too much在用法上则与much相同，但比much 语气更强。

2.In the interim, the limited construction underway will in no way impact upon the final contours of a peace agreement.

in no way决不

例句：She is in no way to blame.

根本不应该怪她。

In no way can theory be separated from practice.

理论决不能脱离实践。

3.The head of the BBC World Service Peter Horrocks says some of its language services will have to close as a result of budget cuts and funding changes, but he couldn't yet say how many or which ones.

as a result of由于…的结果

例句：He was injured as a result of boiler explosion.

他因锅炉爆炸而受伤。

4.his prize is for all the democratic men and women all over the world who with their denunciations and solidarity have forced the Cuban government to ease off and take our brothers out of prisons.

ease off〈非正〉减轻; 缓和

例句：The border agreement was signed, the tension between the two countries began to ease off.

边境协定签订以后, 两国间的紧张关系开始缓和下来。

挪开

例句：The child asked his papa to help him ease off his belt a bit.

那孩子叫他爸爸帮他把腰带松开些。

1.Peace activists in Israel say Jewish settlers are building new homes in the occupied West Bank at four times the rate they were before the government began its partial freeze at the end of last year.

倍数的表示

用英语表达"A 是 B 的 N 倍长（宽，高，大，重等）"，"A 比 B 长（宽，高，大，重等）N 倍" 或"A 的长度（宽度，高度，大

小，重量等）是 B 的 N 倍"，可用下列几种句型。

"A be 倍数 as 计量形容词原级 as B".

This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。

His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。

"A be 倍数 计量形容词比较级 than B "

The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.

长江差不多比珠江长两倍。

The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.

这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。

"A be 倍数 the 计量名词 of B "

The newly broadened square id four times the size of the previous one.

新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。

"The 计量名词 of A be 倍数 that of B "

The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。

2.Those choices will involve, among a number of examples, cutting further programmes from the English schedule, reducing our distribution costs significantly, cutting parts of some services entirely, for instance, losing both the programming and distribution costs where short-wave audiences have become too small.

where short-wave audiences have become too small引导定语从句，修饰costs。

where引导定语从句修饰抽象名词的几种情况：

一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point

You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。

The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。

We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。

注：有时point也可以是具体的地点：

Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。

The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。

二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case

There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。

Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。

三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity

Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。

四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation

He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。

If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。

五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position

It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。

六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use. 她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。

I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。