BBC新闻讲解附字幕:欧洲银行压力测试结束

BBC News with Fiona MacDonald

European Union officials say just seven of 91 European banks have failed test of their financial strength. The checks were designed to see if individual banks needed to raise capital against future lossesin case ofa new recession. Our economics correspondent Andrew Walker reports.

The stress tests, as they are called, looked at what would happen to European banks if there were a renewed recession and a further worsening of the government debt crisis.The question was whether their capital, a kind of financialcushion, would fall below a particularthreshold. Seven have failed their test - five savings banks in Spain, a German property market lender and one Greek bank. No large bank has failed. European leaders hope the test willrestoreconfidence in the banks. But there are already questions about whether they werestringentenough.

A court in the Netherlands has found a multinational company, Trafigura, guilty of illegally exporting toxic waste from the European Union to Africa. The company was fined more than a million dollars for shipping waste to Ivory Coast where it was dumped around the largest city Abidjan. Tens of thousands of people fell ill,overwhelming the city's medical facilities. Trafigura said it was disappointed and would study a ruling with a view to appeal.The environmental campaign group Greenpeace said the Dutch court decision was a strong warning that illegal waste exports would not go unpunished.

Soldiers in Mexico have uncovered a mass grave containing at least 18 bodies in the northern state of Nuevo Leon. Vanessa Buschschluter of our America's desk reports.

Security forces said ananonymoustip-off led them to the site which is almost the size of a football pitch. Investigators said they believed drug gangs had used the remote spot to torture and execute their victims. Police are now using diggers to search for more bodies. In the past weeks, two other such graves have been discovered in Nuevo Leon which is at the centre of a violent battle between rival drug gangs. Over the past three years, more than 200 people have disappeared in the border state.

The former British Justice Secretary Jack Straw said he won't appear at a Senate hearing in the United States on the release of the Lockerbie bomber Abdelbaset al-Megrahi. The hearing is to examine whether lobbying by the oil company BP had a role in Mr Megrahi's release last year. Mr Straw said the decision had been taken by the Scottish government, and he couldthrow no light onthe matter.

"Iliterallyhad nothing whatever to do with that. It was an entirely separate decision for the Scottish justice secretary. He and Alex Salmond, the first minister in Scotland, made quite clear that they had no representations from the British government or from BPin respect ofthat, and as it happens, I learnt about Mr Megrahi's imminent releasewhilstI was on holiday from the BBC website."

World News from the BBC

The African Union says Guinea is ready to send a battalion of soldiers to Somalia to boost the African peacekeeping force there. The AU did not give an exact number for thecontingent, but our East Africa correspondent says it could be as many as 1,700 soldiers. That would take the number of peacekeepers in Somalia to just over 8,000, the figure originally pledged by the AU.

Switzerland's famous tourist train, the Glacier Express, has derailed during its spectacular passage through the Alps. One person was killed and more than 40 injured. Police said most of the passengers were Japanese. The cause of the accident isn't known, and rail accidents are extremely rare in Switzerland. The last serious one in 2006 killed three people.

An unmanned solar-powered plane has set a new record by staying airbornecontinuouslyfor more than two weeks. The plane, the Zephyr, was launched from a United States army base in Arizona. It landed safely after its British developers, QinetiQ, decided nothing would be proved by keeping it in the air any longer. Nick Higham reports.

The plane comfortably beat the previous records for continuous flight without refuelling - nine days for a piloted aircraft, just 30 hours for an unmanned craft like Zephyr. The plane is powered during the day by paper-thin solar panels on the wings and at night by lightweight batteries recharged each day.The test flight was also a military trial of the plane's payload, communications relay equipment which could be used on the battlefield in Afghanistan or in civilian applications.

A Roman Catholic diocese in Italy hasdenounced homosexual priests who are leading what it called "a double life" and urged them to leave the priesthood. The statement was issued by the Rome Diocese in response to a magazine article which gave details of alleged sexual encounters by three homosexual priests. The article also carries pictures and interviews with the men.

BBC News

欧盟官员表示，对91家欧洲银行的财政能力测试已经结束，只有7家银行未通过。这次测试是为了查看各银行是否需要筹集资本，以防在新的经济衰退中遭受损失。我们的经济记者Andrew Walker报道。

这次压力测试旨在查看，如果再次发生经济衰退，各国政府债务危机进一步恶化，欧洲银行会发生什么样的状况。问题是，他们的资本，一种金融缓冲能力，是否会下降到某个特定的临界值以下。7家银行未通过测试，包括5家储蓄银行，一家德国财产市场借贷机构和一家希腊银行。所有大型银行均通过测试。欧洲领导人希望该测试能够增强市场对银行的信心。但是已经有人质疑他们对测试是否足够严格。

荷兰一家法庭发现跨国公司Trafigura非法从欧盟向非洲输出有毒废物。该公司已经因向象牙海岸运输有毒废物，并在最大的城市阿比让周围倾倒被罚款100多万美元。数十万人患病，超过了该城市医疗设施的承受能力。Trafigura称他们感到非常失望，会对裁决进行研究，提起上诉。环保运动绿色和平组织表示，荷兰法庭的这个决定敲响了警钟，非法输出有毒废物一定会受到严惩。

墨西哥士兵在北部新莱昂州发现一个集体墓穴，其中至少有18具尸体。美国办事处Vanessa Buschschluter报道。

安全力量表示，一份匿名密报引导他们来到这里，整个场地像足球场那么大。调查人员表示，他们相信，贩毒团伙使用这个偏僻的地方来折磨和处决受害者。警方现在正在使用挖掘机寻找更多尸体。过去几周，新莱昂州已经发现了两个类似的墓穴。新莱昂州是对立的贩毒团伙之间暴力斗争的中心。过去三年，已有200多人在这个边境州失踪。

英国前司法大臣Jack Straw表示，他不会出席在美国举行的参议院听证会。这次听证会是关于洛克比空难主犯迈格拉希的获释。这次听证会是为了检查英国石油公司的游说是否对去年迈格拉希获释发挥了作用。Straw表示，这是苏格兰政府的决定，他不会对此事发表任何评论。

“关于这件事，我没有任何可说的。这完全是苏格兰司法部门的决定。他和苏格兰第一部长Alex Salmond明确表示，他们不代表英国政府和英国石油公司的意见。当时，我正在度假，我从BBC的网站上得知迈格拉希即将获释。”

BBC世界新闻。

非洲联盟表示，几内亚准备向索马里派遣一营的士兵，增强非洲维和力量。非洲联盟并没有给出派遣人员的具体数量，但是我们的东非记者表示大概有1,700名士兵。这将使驻索马里维和军队的人数超过8,000人，这是非洲联盟最初承诺的数字。

瑞士著名旅游列车“冰川快车”(Glacier Express)经过阿尔卑斯山特别通道时脱轨，造成1人死亡，40多人受伤。警方表示，大部分乘客是日本人。事故原因尚未查明，在瑞士，脱轨事故非常罕见。上次事故发生在2006年，造成3人死亡。

一架无人驾驶的太阳能动力飞机创造了新的纪录，连续在空中超过两周。Zephyr飞机在美国亚利桑那州一个军事基地发射。它的英国发明者QinetiQ认为，没有证据证明这架飞机可以继续在空中停留更长时间。随后，这架飞机安全着陆。Nick Higham报道。

这架飞机轻松打破了以前的无燃料飞机持续飞行纪录——一架有人驾驶的记录是9天，像Zephyr一样无人驾驶的仅仅30小时。飞机白天通过机翼上极薄的太阳能板提供能量，夜间通过每天充电的轻质电池提供能量。这次试飞同时也是对这架飞机的负荷，通信设备的检测。这些设备将被用于阿富汗战场或民事用途。

意大利一个罗马天主教区谴责了过着“双重生活”的同性恋牧师，要求他们离开神职。一份杂志详细披露了三名同性恋神父的生活，随后罗马教区发表了这份声明作为回应。这篇文章还刊登了这三名神父的照片和对他们的采访。

1.cushion n. 垫子,橡皮软垫,缓冲

2.threshold n.阈值; 门槛,入口,开端

3.stringent adj.严格的;严厉的

例句：Some of the conditions in the contract are too stringent.
合同中有几项条件太苛刻。

4.overwhelm vt.覆盖, 淹没

例句：A great wave overwhelmed the boat.
一个巨浪吞没了那只小船。

压倒, 制服; 打败

例句：Invading armies overwhelmed the town.
入侵的军队控制了这个城镇。

5.restore v.使恢复

例句：At present the doctor is giving him daily massages to help restore the function of his limbs.
目前医生每天在给他按摩, 帮助他恢复腿臂的功能。

修复; 重建

例句：The old painting was damaged in the flood and had to be painstakingly restored.
那幅古画在洪水中遭到毁坏, 必须精心修复。

6.anonymous a.作者不详的,佚名的,无名的

例句：The writer wishes to remain anonymous.
作者希望姓名不公开。

7.literally adv.确实地, 真正地

例句：She was literally blue with cold.
她真的冷得全身青紫。

8.whilst conj.时时,同时

9.contingent n.（军队的）分遣队，小分队

10.continuously adv.连续不断地,接连地

例句：Athletes have to train continuously to stay in peak condition.
运动员必须不断训练才能保持最佳竞技状态。

If we forge ahead continuously without a break,we’ll be able to raise efficiency.
如果我们不停顿地继续前进,我们就能提高效率。

11.denounce vt.公开指责，谴责，斥责

例句：We should denounce a heresy.
我们应该公开指责异端邪说。

1.The checks were designed to see if individual banks needed to raise capital against future losses in case of a new recession.

in case of防备

例句：The wall was built along the river in case of floods.
沿河筑了防护墙以防洪水。

Take a spare tire along in case of need.
带个备用轮胎去, 以备不时之需。

2.Mr Straw said the decision had been taken by the Scottish government, and he could throw no light on the matter.

throw light on照亮,阐明,使理解,启迪

例句：Threw some light on the question.
对这个问题做了解释

3.He and Alex Salmond, the first minister in Scotland, made quite clear that they had no representations from the British government or from BP in respect of that.

in respect of关与,至于…,就…而言

例句：Her work is good in respect of quality but bad in respect of quantity.
她的工作质量好但是数量差。

1.The test flight was also a military trial of the plane's payload, communications relay equipment which could be used on the battlefield in Afghanistan or in civilian applications.

参考翻译：这次试飞同时也是对这架飞机的负荷，通信设备的检测。这些设备将被用于阿富汗战场或民事用途。

结构分析：这句话的主干是：The test flight was also a military trial of the plane's payload, communications relay equipment。which could be used是定语从句，修饰equipment。

2.The stress tests, as they are called, looked at what would happen to European banks if there were a renewed recession and a further worsening of the government debt crisis.

参考翻译：这次压力测试旨在查看，如果再次发生经济衰退，各国政府债务危机进一步恶化，欧洲银行会发生什么样的状况。

结构分析：这句话的主干是：The stress tests looked at what would happen to European banks。as they are called是插入语。if there were是条件状语从句。

3.The environmental campaign group Greenpeace said the Dutch court decision was a strong warning that illegal waste exports would not go unpunished.

参考翻译：环保运动绿色和平组织表示，荷兰法庭的这个决定敲响了警钟，非法输出有毒废物一定会受到严惩。

结构分析：这句话的主语和谓语是：The environmental campaign group Greenpeace said，后面是宾语从句。宾语从句的主干是：the Dutch court decision was a strong warning。that illegal waste exports would not go unpunished是同位语从句，指代的是warning。